1. Introduction Acute lung injury comprises a uniform response of the lung to inflammatory or chemical insults which is commonly caused by systemic illness including sepsis or trauma, infection with pathogens, and tox
1. Introduction Acute lung injury comprises a uniform response of the lung to inflammatory or chemical insults which is commonly caused by systemic illness including sepsis or trauma, infection with pathogens, and tox
1. Introduction Gastric cancer (GC) represents a global health-care challenge, which is the fifth most common cancer and the fourth leading cause of cancer death across the world in 2020, with a significant
1. Introduction Supplementation of nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) to upregulate the level of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) has been unveiled to be a promising anti-aging intervention. However, it is
1.Introduction Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate hydrogen (NADPH), also known as reduced coenzyme II, is a critical cofactor in cellular antioxidant systems and lipid synthesis, which links insulin
1. Introduction Dengue fever is an acute infectious disease caused by the Dengue virus through the bite of an infected Aedes species (Ae. aegypti or Ae. albopictus) mosquito, with the main symptoms such as hi
1. Introduction The NAD precursor nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) shows a beneficial effect on ageing, yet excessive NMN accumulation may lead to axon degeneration. How to make the anti-ageing
1 Introduction Nicotinamide riboside (NR), a derivative of vitamin B3, is a new type of bioactive substance, which can be generated by binding a carbohydrate molecular ribose with nicotinamide (a
1. Introduction Heart failure is a serious condition in the development of cardiovascular disease. In particular, diastolic heart failure, as one of the most common manifestations of heart failure in
1. Introduction Ginseng has always been highly perceived as a valuable traditional Chinese medicine in China. Currently, much attention also has been paid to ginsenosides, the main active ingredients extracted from g
